I believe that the standard as of 2012 is SATA.
SATA.
ATAPI 8 is the answer you're looking for, not the most recent, but it was at the time the A+ book with this question was published
ATA/ATAPI-7 -Serial SCSI standard is compatible with serial ATA drives in the same system
ATA-3 introduced S.M.A.R.T.
No its not ATA is a interface standard not a type of hard drive the only difference between Ultra ATA and a diffrent inerface standard is that it can use the 80-conductor cable or serial ATA cable
yes
ATA/ATAPI-6ATA/100 or ATA/ATAPI-6
EIDE
Ata7
ATAPI-7
ATA/ATAPI-6
Serial ATA (SATA) the newer and faster standard. Parallel ATA (PATA) provides for up to four devices, including the hard drive. The serial ATA standard allows for more than four drives installed in a system. by: MGVR