The European and Muslim cultures before the crusades commonly traded with one another. This is the reason why they had large fleets of merchant ships.
Japan is an island nation with no major railroads attach to other countries, therefore they rely on merchant shipping. Also Japan has limited natural resources and relies on imports from other countries, which requires a large merchant fleet.
a)the conquest of constantinople b)the establishment of caravan routes c)the construction of large merchant fleets d)the creation of national currency
Most towns had a market, where food and local goods were bought and sold. Much larger were the merchants fairs, which could attract merchants from many countries. A town might hold a merchant fair a couple of times a year. The good for sale at large fairs came from all over Europe and the east.
Most towns had a market, where food and local goods were bought and sold. Much larger were the merchants fairs, which could attract merchants from many countries. A town might hold a merchant fair a couple of times a year. The good for sale at large fairs came from all over Europe and the east.
The two main countries in western Europe are Germany and France. It would not be totally accurate to say that they dominate western Europe. There are other large and important countries there too.
The were a large threat to countries in Europe.
Russia and the Ukraine.
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It depends on what countries you include in Europe. If you include all of Turkey or Azerbaijan, then you would consider Iran to be the large country that borders Europe to the south (southeast).
One who traffics on a large scale, especially with foreign countries; a trafficker; a trader., A trading vessel; a merchantman., One who keeps a store or shop for the sale of goods; a shopkeeper., Of, pertaining to, or employed in, trade or merchandise; as, the merchant service., To be a merchant; to trade.
That is not possible. The European Union is an organisation that has 28 countries that are members. Europe is a continent with about 50 countries. So a large amount of Europe's countries are not members of the European Union and so they cannot participate it the things it does.