Yes.
The land on the Arctic Circle is divided among eight countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, the United States (Alaska), Canada, Denmark (Greenland), and Iceland (where it passes through the small offshore island of Grímsey).
No one owns a line of latitude.
Yes, the Arctic circle sperm bank has a high success rate.
No, it is not possible to buy land and establish your own country. Land ownership does not grant sovereignty or the ability to create a new nation.
the north pole, but the closest city would be around the arctic circle, you'll have to find that on your own.
All land in the Arctic is governed by the nation-states that occupy and 'own' those lands that surround the Arctic ocean. There is contention among these nation-states as to governance of the Arctic Ocean. All land and ice south of 60 degrees S is governed by the Antarctic Treaty. The Southern Ocean marine animals areincluded in this treaty.
A colony is a settlement of people who have left their country for a new land. These people remain citizens of their home country.
Iceland is a country with its own government and language.
Colonization
Just it's own country at that time.
It isn't. The geographic north pole is located in the Arctic Circle at a latitude of 90^N. This is in the middle of the Arctic Ocean which just happens to be (semi)permanently covered in a huge ice sheet. There is no land beneath it.