The answer is the 180th Meridian at the equator, but this is in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, some 550 miles north of Tuvalu.
The nearest land mass to the furthest point from the prime meridian is Howard Island 0"48'28.47 N 176"37'06.50 W about 230 miles away
It is technically the North Pole, rather than the South Pole.
The equator is the intersection of the Earth's surface with the plane perpendicular to the Earth's axis of rotation and containing the Earth's center of mass.
In simpler, though less precise language, it is an imaginary line on the Earth's surface equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole that divides the Earth into a Northern Hemisphere and a Southern Hemisphere. The equators of other planets and astronomical bodies are defined analogously.
However, the Earth is not uniformly round, it is slightly pear shaped, with the southern hemisphere being slightly more massive or fatter. Therefor the center of mass is not exactly equidistant between the poles, it is slightly towards Antarctica.
Technically then the north pole is the farthest place from the pole (the geographic rather than the magnetic pole).
Excluding Antarctic claims that reach the South Pole, the country that extends farthest from the equator is Denmark, more specifically its territory in Greenland that is closest to the North Pole.
The country that is farthest from the equator in its entirety would be Iceland, which is entirely above 63° North latitude.
The equator is the zero mark for latitude. We measure latitude in degrees north or south of the equator. The maximum possible latitude is 90 degrees north, at the north pole, or 90 degrees south, which is the south pole.
The point on earth that is farthest north of the equator is the point of
90 degrees north latitude, which is commonly called the "north pole".
90 Degrees North or South latitude
Equator
The North Equatorial Current got its name from the fact that it is north of the equator and vise versa with the South Equatorial Current, the fact that it is South of the Equator.
The south most part of the world is called the South Pole.
north America and Asia
Europe, North America and Asia
The three continents that are located mainly between the Equator and the North Pole are North America, Europe, and Asia. South America and Africa have some land north of the Equator as well but also have significant amounts of land south of the Equator.
Alaska
Lake superior, Huron and Ontario are the 3 farthest north but Superior goes the furthest north.
Lake Superior
North America, as the name suggests is North of the equator.
South is Florida. North is Lake of the Woods Minnesota.
The North Equatorial Current got its name from the fact that it is north of the equator and vise versa with the South Equatorial Current, the fact that it is South of the Equator.
Equator
The largest desert north of the Equator is the Sahara. The largest south of the Equator is Antarctica.
India.
The name of the region between 66.5 north and the equator is called the Northern Temperate Zone. The name of the region from the equator and 66.5 degrees south of the equator is called the Southern Temperate Zone.
north America and Asia
The south most part of the world is called the South Pole.