The question needs to be more specific. Testimony on income can be elicited in MANY courtroom settings for many varying reasons.
(e.g.: tax court (self-explanatory) - civil court (wages and contract disputes) - family court (for alimony and child support purposes) - etc - etc.
Income estate and gift taxes would be the subjects of the cases heard in U.S. Tax Court.
Income estate and gift taxes would be the subjects of the cases heard in U.S. Tax Court.
There are different categories of death. Therefore cases that involve a death may be heard in criminal or civil court depending on the circumstances. A case where a person died as a result of a car accident in which no one violated the law would be heard in civil court. A case in which someone purposely hit and killed someone with their car would be heard in criminal court.
why that would be teen court
To determine which court system has jurisdiction over the cases in your list, I would need to know the specific types of cases mentioned, such as whether they involve federal law, state law, or specific legal issues like family law, criminal law, or civil rights. Generally, state courts handle most cases, including family, criminal, and contract disputes, while federal courts handle cases involving federal laws, constitutional issues, or disputes between states. If the cases involve specific federal statutes or interstate matters, they would fall under federal jurisdiction.
In federal court, cases involving purely state law matters that do not involve federal questions or parties from different states (in cases lacking diversity jurisdiction) would typically not be heard. Additionally, cases that seek to enforce local ordinances or state statutes without a federal issue are outside federal jurisdiction. Personal disputes, such as family law cases or small claims, are also generally not within the purview of federal courts.
The highest state court would be The Supreme Court of Texas. In federal cases it would be the US Circuit Court of Appeals for whatever Federal Judicial Circuit the state of Texas was located in.
In this case, the case would first be filed to the federal district and appeals court. There, they hear cases that involve laws or regulations passed by the Congress or an agency of federal government.
I'm not an expert, but am fairly confident that I have the basics. No, there is no inherent 'right' to have a case heard by the Supreme Court. It is basically an appeals court, and cases have to work their way up through the appeals system before they would ever be considered. If you lose a case at the lowest tier in the system, you have to appeal to the appropriate court and take it from there. If no attorneys will help you do that, it is probably because your case does not strike them as winnable. But you would have no right to bring the case straight to the Supreme Court as a result. You would have to find a way to make the appropriate appeals. Most cases come to the Supreme Court by way of their appelate jurisdiction, their review and choice of cases under appeal in lower courts. The Supreme Court has primary jurisdiction over a small range of cases that involve things like disputes between two states, or a dispute between a state and the federal government.
A Superior Court is a court of original jurisdiction. It would hear all cases they were qualified and cretified to hear, which come before it that originated within their circuit.
Judicial branch
Income tax is not a voluntary process in any way. Paying tax levied by the government is definitely compulsory. Many people have been jailed for not paying income taxes and this would not have been possible if it was voluntary. There have also been many court cases that have resolved anyone who has tried this type of approach to income taxes.