Depends on how the blades are angled.
In winter, you want it to blow the warm air off the ceiling, to the floor.
In summer, you want it to pull the cool air upwards.
Counter clockwise. This bolt has nothing special
yes
In the northern hemisphere the circulation around a high is clockwise. In the southern hemisphere the circulation around a high is counter-clockwise.
The gyres rotate counter clockwise in the southern hemisphere, and clockwise in the northern hemisphere.
Jupiter spins counter clockwise. To be exact, it spins counterclockwise when viewed from above the north pole. That's the same direction of spin as most of the planets, including Earth.
Mars spins counter-clockwise, and its direction of orbiting the Sun is counter-clockwise from the Sun's viewpoint.
Venus
Counter Clockwise. Push air down (down position on most fans)
clockwise
Mars spins counter-clockwise, and its direction of orbiting the Sun is counter-clockwise from the Sun's viewpoint.
Counter-clockwise.
lay on the floor and look up at it. If it is moving the same direction as a clock it is moving clockwise. Hold a piece of tissue paper at a corner such that it is near (but not touching) the fan blades. If the fan lifts the paper toward the ceiling then it is rotating clockwise. This is best for winter. If the fan pushes the paper toward the floor (causing a breeze) then it is rotating counter clockwise. This is best for summer.
When a room is hot it is better to have the ceiling fan turned counter clockwise. This forces the air to blow down. In the winter the fan should turn clockwise to keep the warm air higher.
Counter clockwise
counter-clockwise.
Counter clockwise
You can't. All single phase motors can only rotate in the direction in which they were manufactured. That is either clockwise or counter-clockwise. Only three phase motors can be reversed by changing the connections. Most ceiling fans have two sets of wiring in their motors so that a direction switch determines which way the fan rotates.