C:\windows
The System32 directory on a Windows system is a place for storing files. The System32 directory is located in the C drive.
/boot
All the files under C:\Windows, which is what contains the OS.
A directory in DOS is like a folder in Windows: a collection of files.
Unix files can be easily transferred to windows via a network connection either by using FTP or by using Samba. Samba allows a Unix file system to be mounted/shared on a Windows system to look like a windows directory.
Configuration files are typically stored in the /etc directory. They can, of course, be anywhere the implementer wishes them to be as long as the process knows where to find them.
Directories and folders are interchangeable terms. In the days before Windows (known as the "DOS" days), "Folders" were called, "Directories." To explain what a directory was, it was said to be "like a folder" which held documents (files) and sometimes envelopes (sub-directories) which could also hold other envelops and/or documents etc. etc. At some point Microsoft started referring to "Directories" as "Folders" supposedly to make it easier to understand for those new to computers. Computer files are always found in a named Directory. If a file isn't in a named directory, it is said to be in the "Root" directory i.e "In the root directory of the D: drive." Further, if a sub-directory/folder is in another directory, it is the "child" of the "parent" directory.
boot partitionThe boot partition is the disk partition that contains the Windows operating system files and its support files, but not any files responsible for booting.
You can use the Recovery Console to copy a new set of system files for the Windows setup CD to the hard drivepg 272 CompTIA softwareChanges the current directory to the directory where Windows 2000/XP is installedp 706 CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing & Maintaining Your PC
C: is the main directory.In computing, a directory, catalog, folderor drawer is an entity in a file system, which contains a group of files and/or other directories. A typical file system may contain thousands (or even hundreds of thousands) of directories. Files are kept organized by storing related files in the same directory. A directory contained inside another directory is called a subdirectory of that directory. Together, the directories form a hierarchy, or tree structure.
On a normal system it will backupWindows registry, Windows boot files, COM+ class registration databaseIf you are running a DC it will also back upActive Directory and System volume
ntoskrnl.exe