antidiuretic hormone
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) decreases the amount of sodium in your body and when ever sodium levels go down potassium levels go up (same is true for visa versa) so the amount of Potassium should increase when there is an increase in ADH.
The hormone that regulates sodium blood levels via the kidneys is aldosterone.
ADH makes the distal tubule and collecting duct more permiable to water so body will reabsorb more water from the filtrate. It does not require excretion of potassium because it is not reabsorbing sodium at the expense of losing potassium like the hormone aldosterone would in the same case.
Aldosterone, secreted by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland, will make your kidneys excrete more potassium and acid in urine, but it will make your kidneys absorb more sodium.
Sodium and Potassium.
Mineralocorticoids
Aldosterone is the hormone that limits sodium excretion in the urine. It is released by the adrenal glands in response to low blood pressure or low blood sodium levels. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of sodium and water, helping to maintain electrolyte balance during excessive sweating.
Aldosterone
Natriuretic hormones
Caffeine binds to aldosterone sites and thus causes an increase of aldosterone in the blood. This increase causes sodium re-absorption and potassium excretion. Sodium excites nerves as potassium relaxes them. This is why one looses their nerve with too much caffeine.
When the macula densa in the distal tubules of the kidney sense a decrease in fluid volume, the renin-aldosterone system is activated. Aldosterone is the hormone responsible for sodium retention, causing water to be conserved.
Sodium-Potassium pump uses ATP (energy) to pump sodium out of cells and potassium back in.