a mantle
Internal forces are stresses and changes inside the material or body. External forces act independently upon an object.
The internal equilibrium is a balance condition between internal forces and the commulative integrated stresses.
interdependency your welcome
Pre stressting, post stressing and loading.
they simply ar. just by thermal and struxtural means
Humanism
The Italian earth quake was most probably caused by the movement of the Eurasian and African tectonic plates. Convection currents in the earths mantle cause these plates to move which in turn causes stresses at the plate boundaries. When these stresses are released the movement is very sudden. This is the movement said to be an earthquake.
Classicism
Stresses that build up in rocks underground resulting from the constant movement of tectonic plates.
Annealing can bring about ductility, soften material and it relieves internal stresses, This will improve the ability to work the metals when they are cold i.e. when bending steel in presses to make metal frames etc
Three causes of European expansion are; economic causes, internal political stresses, international tensions.
Like most construction materials, steel, which rails are made from, expands when air temperature increases. When this movement is restrained by the anchorage, which holds the rail and the sleeper (the rectangular supports for the rails) in place, internal stresses build up, and compression buckles or kinks the rail.