The Arrhenius model says something about giving hydrogen so it's that means we can get rid of B & C so we've got A or D left... and I chose A got it wrong so i assume it's D. Na2S
NH3 , PH3 and other molecules or ions which may donate a pair of electron but not OH ions are Lewis bases but not Lowery-Bronsted and Aarrhenius bases.
Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis theories of acids and bases
Arrhenius acids are ones that give up protons when dissolved in water. Methane is a non-polar molecule which means it is insoluble in water and, therefore, is not an Arrhenius acid. It cannot be described as a Lewis acid or base either because it doesn't donate protons or an electron pair nor does it receive them.
Three different definitions for the same, ordered evolutionary:A base according to:(In all three examples ammonia is the base molecule)Arrhenius will form hydroxide (OH−) ions. Example: NH3 + H2O --> NH4+ + OH-Brønsted is a species with the ability to gain or "accept" a proton, H+, a hydrogen cation. Example: NH3 + H+ --> NH4+Lewis is any species that donates a lone pair of electrons (represented by two dots in the next example: ':' or '..' )Example: +H + :NH3 -->+H..NH3 (which is of coarse the same as NH4+)
Resonance
Yes, ammonia is an electron pair donor and a Lewis base.
Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis theories of acids and bases
Arrhenius acids are ones that give up protons when dissolved in water. Methane is a non-polar molecule which means it is insoluble in water and, therefore, is not an Arrhenius acid. It cannot be described as a Lewis acid or base either because it doesn't donate protons or an electron pair nor does it receive them.
Three different definitions for the same, ordered evolutionary:A base according to:(In all three examples ammonia is the base molecule)Arrhenius will form hydroxide (OH−) ions. Example: NH3 + H2O --> NH4+ + OH-Brønsted is a species with the ability to gain or "accept" a proton, H+, a hydrogen cation. Example: NH3 + H+ --> NH4+Lewis is any species that donates a lone pair of electrons (represented by two dots in the next example: ':' or '..' )Example: +H + :NH3 -->+H..NH3 (which is of coarse the same as NH4+)
The Lewis structure of K2O consists of two potassium (K) atoms bonding with one oxygen (O) atom. The oxygen atom will form a double bond with one of the potassium atoms, while the other potassium atom will have a single bond with the oxygen atom. This arrangement allows both potassium atoms to have a full outer shell of electrons.
Lewis dot structures show how an atom's electrons work together in a certain molecule. They also show what a certain molecule will look like.
All Arrhenius acids ionize in water to give H+ ions. While Lewis acids are proton donors.
Resonance
Yes, ammonia is an electron pair donor and a Lewis base.
Lewis structures are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule. They are also called Lewis dot diagrams, electron dot diagrams, and electron dot structures. See the link below for Lewis structure.
dots
There are three definitions for acids and bases. Arrhenius definition: An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen (H+) ions in water while a base produces hydroxide (OH-) ions. Bronsted-Lowry definition: An acid gives up or donates a proton (H+) to another molecule while a base accepts a proton. Lewis definition: An acid accepts an electron pair in bonding to another molecule/ion while a base donates and electron pair. Note that if a substance meets one of the first two definitions it probably meets the others as well.
Scientists can experimentally determine the correct Lewis structure for an oxygen molecule through techniques such as X-ray crystallography or spectroscopy. By analyzing the arrangement of atoms in the molecule and the distribution of electron density, scientists can confirm the actual bonding pattern and correct any discrepancies with theoretical predictions.