Objects above or below the Ecliptic and objects further out or with an orbit further from the Sun than Jupiter.
Any object that orbits further away. This includes the planets Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Generally the brightest objects seen in the sky are the moon, some planets, (notably Venus and Jupiter) and stars, Sirius being the brightest.
Four moons of Jupiter, also known as the Galilean moons, can be seen with a pair of binoculars. They are named Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. These four moons were first observed by Galileo Galilei in 1610 and have become famous objects of study in astronomy.
Saturn and Neptune are gas giants, as is Jupiter, so they do not have a solid surface, so you cannot see any craters on them. What can be seen sometimes is disruptions in the atmosphere, like that which was seen in July 2009 on Jupiter, caused by something crashing into them. As Saturn and Neptune are much farther away than Jupiter, something like that would not be seen on them from Earth without really powerful telescopes.
That's because Jupiter is made out of gases, it can be seen every 1000 years, last time was 2006.
Any object that orbits further away. This includes the planets Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Yes. For example, I can see the moons of Jupiter through my 6" reflector which I cannot see unaided.
Generally the brightest objects seen in the sky are the moon, some planets, (notably Venus and Jupiter) and stars, Sirius being the brightest.
Yes.
translucent
The brightest object as seen from us is the Sun.The next-brightest objects are the Moon, Venus, Jupiter, and Mars (on rare occasions, Mars can actually be a bit brighter than Jupiter).
Microscopes help to see small objects that cannot be seen by the naked eye.
All of them. That's where they were discovered from. Only Neptune cannot be seen with the naked eye.
The most likely explanation for this occurrence is that you were in fact looking at the planet Jupiter. At low magnifications, Jupiter's details are hard to discern, making it similar looking to Venus. Also, Venus and Jupiter are similarily bright (Venus is brighter) in the night sky. The objects you saw were probably its four largest moons - Ganymede, Europa, Io, and Callisto - and these can be seen orbiting the planet as white dots.
microscopic things
Object permanence.
Yes. It's normally one of the brightest objects in the sky.Easily. It's one of the brightest objects in the night sky. If you can see the star Sirius, anything noticeably brighter than that and not reddish in color is either Jupiter or Venus (or the Moon, but that one's kind of obvious).