CSMA/CD operates at the physical layer is the bottom level in the OSI (open systems interconnection) seven layer model, which is used to standardize and simplify definitions with regard to computer networks. This layer defines all physical and electrical specifications for devices used to interface to the network, and it deals with data only in terms of rawbits (i.e., it does not recognize MAC addresses, IP addresses and packets).
OSI stands for Open system interconnection model. Application layer is the seventh layer in OSI model.
Data link layer
Networking layer of the OSI model
In the OSI reference model, that would be layer 3 (network).In the OSI reference model, that would be layer 3 (network).In the OSI reference model, that would be layer 3 (network).In the OSI reference model, that would be layer 3 (network).
Packet switching is considered part of layer 3 of the OSI model.Packet switching is considered part of layer 3 of the OSI model.Packet switching is considered part of layer 3 of the OSI model.Packet switching is considered part of layer 3 of the OSI model.
The top layer of the OSI model; Application
hub work at physical layer of osi model
TELNET
1. Repeaters (Operate at the OSI Physical Layer).2. Bridges (Operate at the OSI Data Link Layer).3. Routers {and Brouters} (Operate at the OSI Network Layer).
Repeaters operate at the physical layer of the OSI model.
If you mean the OSI reference model, that's layer 1 (physical).If you mean the OSI reference model, that's layer 1 (physical).If you mean the OSI reference model, that's layer 1 (physical).If you mean the OSI reference model, that's layer 1 (physical).
Router works in Network Layer of OSI model