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The answer is that it is neutrons that account for the difference between atomic weight and atomic number. The atomic number is the number of protons or the number of electrons in the atom, since they are normally equal. The atomic weightis the sum of the total number of protons, electrons AND neutrons in the atom. Knowing both the atomic number and the atomic weight of an atom lets you know the number of neutrons in the atom (the isotope). Example: Uranium, Atomic Number 92, Atomic Weight 235. The atomic number tell you that the uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons. The atomic weight tells you that it has a combined total of 235 protons, electrons and neutrons. Since you know from the atomic number that there is a total of 184 protons and electrons in the atom (92 + 92) and from the atomic weight that the total number of protons, electons and neutrons is 235 (92 + 92 + X = 235), you now know that there are 151 neutrons in that uranium atom. The atomic number and atomic weight together tell you that the uranium atom 235 has 92 protons, 92 electons and 151 neutrons.

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14y ago
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9y ago

We make atomic number by number of protons in a atom. We make mass number by total of both protons and neutrons.

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12y ago

Neutrons are the particles which account for the difference between the atomic number and the mass number.

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Q: Which particles account for the difference between the atomic number and the mass number?
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