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corporation
Public as in you can buy and sell its shares? no... Audit companies are based on partnerships... so no stockholders...
Topshop is a public limited company this means they can sell their shares in the stock exchange and they can sell shares to the public.
Stockholders can sell their shares in the company at any time
stockholders can sell their shares in the company at any time.
You purchase shares in the company. This will only be possible if the shares are for sale. If it is a public company you can buy the shares on the stock exchange where those shares are traded. If it is a privately owned company you would need to buy the shares from one of the owners.
A company that is "listed" on a stock exchange is a corporation that has issued shares of stock which are available to be purchased by the public. The "exchange" is a marketplace where the shares can be bought and sold. Those who purchase the shares in a company are potentially able to profit from the growth of the company and any dividends that the company might issue. By selling shares, the company can potentially raise much more capital than they would otherwise be able to borrow.
Private Sector are generally small business organizations run by private individuals or groups (not shareholders) and are not listed in the Stock Exchange. Private companies are also unregulated by a federal authority. The Public Sector are companies owned by shareholders and available for public purchase through the stock exchange. Public companies are regulated by a federal exchange commission, but are available for purchase by foreign investors - such as China's current shares in GM. For instance; A public company can become private by having ALL shares in its Stock Exchange purchased by an individual, a small group of investors, or another company that is privately held.
Stockholders can sell their shares in the company at any time.
The major stockholders of a nationalised bank is government (51%), with corporate houses staking the remaining 49%. However, they offer shares for sale among the public. Where as in private banks, private bodies, entities hold the major shares and have their say in all decision making.
Dividends
If company listed in stock exchange then anybody can purchase it's shares and become owner of corporation.