Lichen is a mixture of algae / cyanobacteria and fungi. Lichens may look like plants but they do not reproduce with flowers. Lichens do not have roots like plants. They grow on plants as a substrate not as a parasite.
Cyanobacteria produced oxygen.
Although cyanobacteria do not have chloroplasts, they do have thylakoid membrane, where photosynthesis occur.
Cyanobacteria have the same green pigment that plants have, chlorophyll, and use it to make energy.
Cyanobacteria > Red Algae > Green Algae > Land Plants
Desert plants are known to have taproots. With these types of roots there are two components which consist of the primary root and secondary lateral roots. These types of roots can also be found on dandelions, carrots, radishes, potatoes, and beets.
Algae and mosses are two examples of plants that can lack true stems, roots, and leaves. These plants typically have simple structures that allow them to absorb nutrients and carry out photosynthesis.
There are two ogranisms that are nitrogen fixers:Free-living (non-symbiotic) bacteria, which live in the soil. This includes the cyanobacteria (or blue-green algae) Anabaena and Nostoc and such genera as Azotobacter, Beijerinckia, and ClostridiumMutualistic (symbiotic) bacteria, which live live in nodules in the roots of plants. This includes Rhizobium,associated with leguminous plants, and Spirillum lipoferum,associated with cereal grasses.Nitrogen fixing bacteria are microorganisms present in the soil or in plant roots that change nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into solid nitrogen compounds that plants can use in the soil.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Plants absorb atmospheric nitrogen in the form of nitrate and ammonium through their roots, which is then used to synthesize proteins and other essential molecules. Additionally, certain symbiotic bacteria like rhizobia and cyanobacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can utilize.
Nitrogen fixing bacteria are common in the roots of leguminous plants like Melilotus,Trigonella, ground nut etc. and some Gymnospermous plants like Podocarpus
Water and mineral nutrients.