It is only used at Layer 2.
It eliminates Layer 2 loops in network topologies.
d. A broadcast storm
the disadvantage os stp that it is time consuming.
Allows for redundant links by eliminating loops.
STP stand for Spaning Tree Protocol. It's used to avoid the L2 loop in the network. many factor are belong to STP. such as Root Switch, BPDU, Root Port, Forward port, blocking port.
Proving this is simple. First, you prove that G has a spanning tree, it is connected, which is pretty obvious - a spanning tree itself is already a connected graph on the vertex set V(G), thus G which contains it as a spanning sub graph is obviously also connected. Second, you prove that if G is connected, it has a spanning tree. If G is a tree itself, then it must "contain" a spanning tree. If G is connected and not a tree, then it must have at least one cycle. I don't know if you know this or not, but there is a theorem stating that an edge is a cut-edge if and only if it is on no cycle (a cut-edge is an edge such that if you take it out, the graph becomes disconnected). Thus, you can just keep taking out edges from cycles in G until all that is left are cut-gees. Since you did not take out any cut-edges, the graph is still connected; since all that is left are cut-edges, there are no cycles. A connected graph with no cycles is a tree. Thus, G contains a spanning tree. Therefore, a graph G is connected if and only if it has a spanning tree!
Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP)
A spanning tree protocol, or STP, is characteristic to a LAN. It provides a loop-free topology for networks within the system.
STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)
Spanning tree protocol
d. A broadcast storm
the disadvantage os stp that it is time consuming.
Allows for redundant links by eliminating loops.
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) does not set up trunk links, it is used to remove logical (Layer 2: Data Link) loops in a network in case there is layer 1 (Physical) redundancy
In order to prevent broadcast storms and other side effects of looping, Digital Equipment Corporation created the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP).
The switch is receiving BPDUs and populating the MAC address table, but not sending data.
Designated
Core_S1, Access_S2, and Access_S3