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There are (according to the traditioinal Jewish count) 613 commandments in the Torah. Things like "do not murder," "do not yoke an ox with an donkey," and "keep the Sabbath day."
Some of them are not obvious. What is it to keep the Sabbath? When exactly does it begin? When does it end? How does one keep it?" The rabbis assert that there was an oral tradition passed down from Moses with the Torah to explain this, and after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in the year 70, Rabbi Judah the Prince began collecting sayings by various rabbis on these issues. He organized this collection into the Mishnah, and over the next few hundred years, commentaries on the Mishnah were added to create what is today called the Talmud. A collection of commentaries on a collection of sayings is not an organized list of rules, so rabbis began trying to distill the Talmud into shorter and better organized law codes. Rabbi Moses ben Maimon made a major effort in the 12th century, Rabbi Joseph Karo created a shorter code in 16th century, and Rabbi Schlomo Ganzfreid produced a handy and very compact code in the 19th century. Unfortunately, the shorter law codes make things look cut and dried that were not so in the Talmud, and they have poor or no references or explanation of the reasoning or connections back to the biblical sources.
A quibble: "Jews are made to obey" is a very odd choice of words. Any Jew may elect not to obey. The worst that can result from this, assuming that the disobedience is not criminal, is expulsion from the Jewish community. That can be painful, but there are other communities who are waiting to welcome ex-Jews with open arms. Christians have been doing this for almost 2000 years, so the persistence of Jews today has to be considered to be the result of voluntary adherence to Judaism.
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