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Chaylakhyan, Veprencev, Sviridova, and Nikitin
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What is the first animal created by reproductive cloning?
PCH: SheepThe first animal cloned was a tadpole. More info below. 1885: Sea Urchin: Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch split a two celled urchin embryo to separate the cells. The two individual cells were allowed to grow and develop and he was left with two genetically identical individuals.1902: Salamander: Hans Spemann uses a baby's hair to take a two celled salamander embryo and literally pinches them apart. He was left with two genetically identical salamanders.1952: Frog: Robert Briggs and Thomas King took the nucleus from the frog the desired to clone and put it into the egg from another frog, which had previously had it's nucleus removed. The egg was allowed to duplicate and grow. Unfortunately, many frogs that did grow were deformed.1975: Rabbit: J. Derek Bromhall used nuclear transfer, like Briggs and King, to clone a rabbit. An advanced embryo, morula, developed after a few days. He considered his experiment a success even though an adult organism did not develop.1986: Sheep: The ever famous Dolly was not the first cloned sheep. The scientist Steen Willadsen cloned this sheep using a nucleus from an enucleated egg cell. A small shock fuses the two together. The resulting egg is implanted into a surrogate mother.1987: Cow: Neal First, Randal Prather, and Willard Eyestone used an electrical shock to morph together isolated nuclei and empty egg cells. The two resulting calves are named Fusion and Copy.1996: Sheep: Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell use cultured mammalian cells to create two cloned lambs. They are named Megan and Molly.1996: Sheep: Wilmut and Campbell use the process previously noted in 2 to create Dolly the sheep.1997: Monkey: Li Meng, John Ely, Richard Stouffer, and Don Wolf used the previous method of shocking embryonic nuclei and enucleated egg cells to make 29 cloned embryos. Of the 29 only two monkeys developed, Neti and Ditto.1997: Sheep: Angelika Schnieke, Keith Campbell, and Ian Wilmut use cultured sheep cells to attempt something that could help human hemophiliacs. These people lack a clotting factor and when they get mild scratches they could bleed to death. Hemophilia is very prominent in the royal families of Hawaii, Britain, Spain etc. due to the intermarriage in the families. Hemophiliacs typically die before coming of age. The factor for clotting, factor IX, is inserted into the sheep DNA and the nuclei are inserted into enucleated eggs. A sheep with the human factor IX is born, she's named Polly.1998: Mouse: Teruhiko Wakayama, and Ryuzo Yanagimachi use the process used to make Dolly to create the first cloned mouse pup named Cumulina.1999: Mouse: Wakayama and Yanagimachi plan to make a male clone. So far all successful adult clones have been made female. The isolate the male DNA and insert it into empty egg cells. Fertilization is simulated with a shock and after almost 300 attempts a male mouse is made, Fibro.Finally a cat named CC, a joke on the phrase 'Copy Cat', which was part of a larger project to clone a dog named Snuppy.
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What year was the first clone cloned?
The first animal to be cloned was a tadpole in 1952.
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