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The colonization of the Americas primarily benefited European powers, including Spain, Portugal, France, and England, as they gained vast territories, resources, and wealth through the exploitation of land and Indigenous populations. Conversely, Indigenous peoples faced significant disadvantages, including loss of land, exposure to new diseases, and violent displacement, leading to drastic population declines and cultural disruptions. Enslaved Africans were also severely disadvantaged, as they were forcibly brought to the Americas to work on plantations, suffering immense hardship and loss of freedom.

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4mo ago

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