the official report of debates in the uk parliament
The speaker who sits on the big chair at the far end
The building is a debating chamber and a forum for political debates and decisions.
Parliamentary Whip - A party manager in Parliament who is responsible for organising members of his or her party to take part in debates and votes, and who assists in arranging the business of a house of Parliament.
because they need to have meetings and debates
At the Admiralty and Houses of Parliament.
John Wilkes
The Bill of Rights of 1689 states that "the freedom of speech, and debates or proceedings in Parliament, ought not to be impeached or questioned in any court or place out of Parliament."
Hubris combined with lack of information. A great read on this is Barbara Tuchman's The March of Folly: From Troy to Vietnam (1984). Her description of the British Parliament's debates about the rebels in the colonies is eerily reminiscent of the US debates about Vietnam and Iraq, with similar catastrophic results.
They are simply known as Members of parliament, although in addressing them by letter you would refer to them as 'The Right Honourable....'(whoever). In the House of Parliament, MPs correctly address each other in debates as 'the Honourable Member'.
The speaker is elected by Parliament to organise the debates, control the members and their language, announce the results of votes and so on.
When they had their king executed, parliament gained full power of the country.