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Who is most affected by income tax?

Updated: 9/24/2023
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10y ago

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Middle-income people are most affected by income tax.

The Poor are not the most affected by income tax simply because of the way it's structured: you have to make a lot of money before you're liable for taxes at all.

The Rich are not the most affected by income tax for two reasons. First is the marginal utility of money. Marginal utility is defined as the added satisfaction you get from consuming one more unit of a commodity. Think of it like this: If you wanted to buy a car and you had $1000, you would go on Craigslist and get a car that looks bad and would run for a couple of years, and it would take all your money. If you had $10,000, you could go to a used car dealer and get a good reliable car, but it would probably still take all your money. It would be hard to spend all of $100,000 on a car, and it would be almost impossible to spend all of $1 million on one. Similarly, people who make $30,000 per year (unless they live in very low-cost areas) spend all their money on routine living expenses; people who make $30 million don't do that even if they have the terrible habit of burning down their uninsured mansions and sinking their uninsured yachts a couple times a year. So if you levy a tax of 50 percent on a person who makes $10 million per year, he or she will notice it less than if you levy a tax of 5 percent on a person who makes $100,000 per year.

The other reason is more pragmatic: rich guys can afford to not pay tax. Get out IRS Schedule A (Itemized Deductions). They give you a choice: take the Standard Deduction, which is real high ($11,900 for married filing jointly), or itemize your deductions and use that. You have got to make a ton of money to be able to afford to spend twelve thousand dollars on mortgage interest (not mortgage payments - mortgage INTEREST!), state taxes, medical expenses that come to more than 7.5 percent of your income, gifts to charity, nonreimbursed theft or casualty losses and job expenses that come to more than 2 percent of your income. Rich guys can also invest in tax-free municipal bonds, set up corporations that fence them off from their income in the eyes of the IRS, and otherwise structure their lives with tax avoidance in mind.

Middle-income people make too much money to not pay tax, and not enough money to buy their way out of paying it...so, therefore, The Middle Class is the most affected.

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