As of Christmas 2013, Wikipedia lists the youngest Cardinal as Baselios Cardinal Cleemis from India, who was born on 15 June 1959. Cardinal Cleemis is the Major Archbishop of Trivandrum of the (Syro-Malankara Catholic Church. He was created a cardinal by Pope Benedict XVI on 24 November 2012. Thus he would be 54 years of age as of this posting.
Pope Francis became a Cardinal in the year 2001
No, there is no position between cardinal and pope.
Please specify which pope. If you are referring to Pope Francis, he was selected as a cardinal by Pope Benedict XVI.
He was a cardinal in the Roman Curia.
It was not a single cardinal. 2/3 of the Cardinal Electors had to vote for him.
He is almost always a cardinal, usually a cardinal archbishop.
Pope Paul VI named him a cardinal in 1977.
He was the Cardinal Archbishop of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
A Cardinal and The Pope are two different positions in the Catholic Church.
Catholic Cardinals have nothing to do with states. A Catholic Cardinal is appointed by the Pope to be on his personal staff. A Cardinal is a member of the College of Cardinals, and they are appointed as the Pope's advisors, and in the case of the absence of a Pope, the Cardinals go into the conclave to elect a new Pope. There are areas of the United States that are designated as dioceses. In each diocese, a Bishop is appointed by the Pope to manage that diocese. If a Bishop also happens to be a Cardinal, then that diocese would be headed by a Cardinal. "Cardinal' is a designation that simply means he is a member of the Pope's personal staff. A Cardinal is also a BIshop, and this is his major role.
He was made a cardinal in 1977 by Pope Paul VI.