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Technically, the Vice President is the head of the Senate, but they're only real power is to break tie votes. The day-to-day leader of the senate is the President Pro Tempore, an elected official of the majority party
He presides over the US Senate and votes in the event of tie. He is next in line for the Presidency if the president is incapacitated.
Under the Constitution, the Vice-President of the United States holds the office of President of the Senate, and has the power to cast the tiebreaking vote, should a bill have the same number of "Yea" and "Nay" votes
Officially, the Vice President presides over the Senate but can only vote in case of a tie. Usually, the V.P is not there so the president pro tempore stands over the Senate (usually an senior member of the Senate). It is basically an honorary position, and even the pro tempore is replaced by junior members of the Senate to understand what is going on in the Senate. However, the majority leader (leader of the majority party in the Senate) wields the most power, similar to the power of the Speaker of the House
No. The power of impeachment and trial belongs to Congress. The House of Representatives impeaches; the Senate conducts the trial. When the US President is tried in the Senate, however, the Chief Justice of the United States (Supreme Court) presides. Under all other circumstances, the Vice-President presides over Senate trials.
The presiding officer of the Senate is called the President Pro-Tempore. He keeps order and decorum in the Senate, he appoints Senate officers, and he rules on contested issues. His power is more limited than his counterpart in the House.
Once the House of Representatives has impeached someone (formally accused them of a crime), The United States Senate conducts the trial of impeachment. The chief justice of the supreme court presides at this trial.
The US Vice President presides over sessions of Congress, and is allowed to break a tie vote, if there ever were one. But NOTHING ELSE.
There are two different possible answers. Officially, the president pro tempore is to preside. However, that title is now used mainly as an honorific, given to the longest-serving Senator of the majority party. The president pro tempore has the power to appoint another Senator to act as presiding officer for a given day of Senate proceedings.
Senate
The most powerful position in the Senate is Speaker of the House. Currently, the Speaker of the House is John Boehner.
Senate!