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Dr. Rizal was regarded as a national hero from the moment of his martyrdom. He was considered to be an inspiration by Andres Bonifacio, the military leader who successfully led the revolution against Spain. Bonifacio took up where Rizal's Liga Filipina left off when he founded the Katipunan organization. Bonifacio also respected Rizal enough to try to recruit him to the Katipunan after his release from prison. Rizal refused, but was shot anyways as a supporter of the revolution.

After the American colonization of the Philippines, Dr. Rizal was regarded ever more highly. Renato Constantino expressed the view in 1970 that the Americans explicitly promoted Dr. Rizal as a national hero as opposed to Andres Bonifacio because Rizal favoured a peaceful method of securing independence and Bonifacio led an armed rebellion. The intent according to Constantino was to suppress Filipino opposition to US colonization. Perhaps as a result Rizal is popularly known as "the national hero".

However, because of controversies surrounding Rizal and Bonifacio no Government of the Philippines has ever named either as a national hero.

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