Calvin Goddard.
The lab will compare markings on the bullet with test fires from the suspect weapon. They use a comparison microscope to analyze striations and grooves left on the bullet. If there's a match in these markings, it suggests the bullet came from the suspect weapon.
When a bullet is fired from a rifled firearm, the rifling leaves marks on the bullet. Those marks are unique to that gun, and no other gun makes exactly the same marks. If a bullet (or fired cartridge casing) is recovered from a crime scene, and we suspect that YOUR gun was used to commit this crime, then a sample bullet is fired from your gun, and compared to the crime scene bullet. A comparison microscope is used to compare the bullets, or marks made on the fired cartridge case by the extractor and firing pin.
There are too many factors that determine how far a bullet can travel to say with any accuracy how any one particular bullet will travel. For pistol bullets, most people say the average is about a mile.
Forensic scientists compare the bullet's markings (land and groove impressions) with test-fired bullets from the suspect's weapon using a comparison microscope. They look for similarities in striations, rifling pattern, and other unique characteristics to establish a match. Additionally, they may analyze gunshot residue and perform ballistic imaging to further link the bullet to the suspect's weapon.
When a bullet is pushed through a rifled barrel, the rifling (lines cut into the inside of the barrel in a spiral) makes scratch marks on the bullet. No two guns make the exact same scratches. It is possible to examine the scratch marks, on two bullets and see if they could have been fired from the same gun. This uses a device called a comparison microscope.
Assuming you refer to a fired bullet, you would examine the bullet- measure it's diameter, length, weigh it, and compare those to known specimens. You would also examine the bullet for striations- markings made by the rifling inside the barrel. The number and direction of twist of the striations may indicate a particular make of firearm.
If you shot a 50 caliber bullet at a 7.62mm bullet and they hit dead on, you prbly wouldn't even know the 7.62mm bullet exsisted because the 50 caliber bullet would sh!t f*ck the 7.62mm bullet , short answer- 50 cal. Look up a ammo size comparison chart
More or less whatever the manufacturer wants it to be. If you're asking about a particular bullet train, you'll have to be more specific.
This all depends on the caliber and the particular load but, yes. The bullet can be stopped by bone or ricochet vertically.
Rifling will leave grooves--impression in a bullet. These grooves can indicate the manufacturer of the gun that fired that bullet, AND, if there is a suspected gun in particular, microscopic variations can be used to confirm or refute that gun's involvement to a high degree of certainty.
You compare the rifling marks on the bullet to the rifling in the barrel. You can also compare the firing pin mark on the primer to the firing pin on the gun.
Beretta is a MAKE of firearm. It does not tell us the model or caliber, which will determine the maximum range that a fired bullet can travel. You need to specify.