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The first churches in Britain (and Ireland) were not connected to Rome, they were independent, and known as the 'Celtic' churches. Then in 597AD, the Roman Catholic church sent a monk called Augustine (not the famous Augustine of Hippo) who began to spread the Roman Catholic influence. Eventually the Celtic Churches agreed to follow Roman customs.

So the Church of England was Roman Catholic until the time of Henry VIII, when it broke away during the Protestant Reformation. The Catholics have always wanted England to return to Roman Catholicism, and this almost happened during the reign of Queen Mary, Henry VIII's daughter - she was a Catholic and had many Protestant leaders burned at the stake. But she was succeeded by her sister Queen Elizabeth I, who was a Protestant, and the Church of England has been Protestant ever since.

Eventually the Roman Catholic church realised it could not win the Church of England back, so it started planting new Catholic churches in England. So there are now churches, ministers, cathedrals and bishops of both denominations.

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Q: Who wanted to make England Catholic?
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