Who was the Pharaoh during the plagues and the Exodus?

Answer 1

A:The terrible plagues described in The Bible, including the nation-wide loss of the first-borns, would have caused enormous social upheaval and economic distress, so it should be easy to tell from the copious Egyptian records of the time just when this happened and who was king, or pharaoh, at the same time. However nothing appears anywhere in the record. Egypt remained prosperous right through the Late Bronze Age, and there is no hint of any event that could have resulted from these terrible plagues. Historians conclude they did not happen as described in the Bible.

Answer 2

Short answer is that we don't know for sure. That should not, however, be taken as a reason to doubt the events recorded in the Torah. Background:

In the Exodus, Moses brought the Israelites out of the Egyptian slavery under the guidance of God, after God brought plagues upon the Egyptians (Exodus ch.1-12).

After the Israelites left, Egypt was in turmoil for decades. Though Israel was later harassed (Judges ch.3,6 and 10) by its smaller neighbors (Ammon, Moab, Midian), not a peep was heard from Egypt for four hundred years.

Egypt's turmoil is also borne out by the Ipuwer papyri (Professor John van Seters, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology no. 50). The plagues were also described by ancient historians, including Herodotus and Diodorus. The Exodus is mentioned by Strabo, Berosus, Artapanus, Numenius, Justin, and Tacitus.

See also:

Archaeology and the Hebrew Bible

Debunking Bible-criticism

Answer 3

Scholars and historians are not sure but their best guess is that he was either Amenhotep II or Raamses II.

Answer 4

Ramesses II the Great. He was the ruler usually associated with Moses.