Who was the first scientist and what he invent?

Answer 1

There have been scientists for thousands of years, although the word "scientist" is fairly recent (1834). But even back in ancient Greece, there were inventors who were doing scientific experiments to try to understand astronomy, medicine, mathematics, etc. One of the first scientists we know about from ancient Greece was Thales of Miletus, and several others were Aristotle, Euclid and Ptolemy. There were also scientists in Arabia-- some historians believe Ibn al-Haytham (who lived in what is today Iraq) was an important scientist: his expertise was in optics and theories about vision. Not all scientists were inventors back then-- most were experimenters, trying to figure out how the universe worked (including climate and weather; the stars and planets; the changing of the seasons, natural disasters, and so on); they were also interested in studying human anatomy to figure out what might cause diseases.

One European scientist who invented something important was an Italian man named Galileo Galilei. In the early 1600s, Galileo built a thermometer, and he also perfected the telescope. Also important among inventors of that time was a British scientist named William Gilbert. In the 1600s, he studied physical science, and became an expert on magnets and magnetism. But if you are asking about inventions like the car or the radio, those didn't come along until much later, in the late 1800s.