A mameluk was a slave soldier who converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid sultans during the Middle Ages.
Napoleon built a formation known as the Garde Imperiale. (The Imperial Guard) The formation was added to with the Young Guard in time. He is usually pictured in the undress uniform of the Chasseur a Cheval de la Garde. There was also a Squadron of Mameluks, a reminder of Egypt, but these men were about as Egyptian as I am !
Palestine is a conventional name, among others, for the geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River, and various adjoining lands. The region has a long and tumultuous history as a crossroads for religion, culture, commerce, and politics. It has been home to Ancient Egyptians, Canaanites, Israelites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Ancient Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, the Sunni Arab Caliphates, the Shia Fatimid Caliphate, Crusaders, Ayyubids, Mameluks, Ottomans, the British and modern Israelis and Palestinians. Bast has a history there, yes, because of the Ancient Egyptians, but it is likely a easily overlooked and buried one.
It will be reasonable to say that only Northern Africa had a significant impact on world history. There was ancient Egypt and Carthage which influenced the flow of history greatly. There were also the Mameluks. But afterwards it has been pretty much only the way in which Africa was exploited by other continents that had any impact on world history.
Mamluks/mameluks (various spellings) were soldiers of slave origin in Muslim countries, some of whom achieved great status, e.g. Sultan. (cf article in Wikipedia) When the Abbassid Caliphate began to need to amass large armies for the maintenance of the empire, the Caliphs had two choices. One was to draft illiterate, bumbling peasant Arabs across the empire into one army or to enslave Türks from the "Stans" in Central Asia who had a general nomadic and warrior culture. The Caliphs chose the latter, enslaving hordes of Türks and bringing them back to be the army of the Caliphate. Because of their previous military experience, they did not need to be trained. These slave soldiers were called "Mamluk" (مملوك) which means "Owned One" or "Slave" in Arabic. The Mamluks eventually gathered enough power to themselves to overthrow the Abbassid Caliphate and create their own states where they were the Sultans. In homage to their past, they kept the title Mamluk, even though they were now completely free.
Before the British Mandate and the creation of the State of Israel , Palestine was for almost 500 years under the rule of the Turkish Ottoman Empire, who took it from Mameluks; also mainly Turks by origin. Mameluks took it from Arabs.So, for the last 800 years before the British mandate and the creation of the State of Israel Palestine was under Turkish rule.The population of Palestine under the Turkish rule consisted of:Christian and Jewish part:1. Jews, about 30,000 people in 1880;2. Christians, about 70,000`people in 18803. Muslim part, 246,000 people, of whom:Turks (of course; they were the official power there, as well as soldiers);Circassians, Albanians and other people whom the Turks incentivized to move to Palestine from other parts of the Ottoman Empire with the aim to push Arabs out of Palestine;Arabs, in the number of approximately 10,000 people according to the British General Allenby and to the British White Book.Summing up:In 1880, the combined non-Muslim population in Palestine was over 100,000 people.In 1880, according to the Census of the Ottoman Empire, only 246.000 Muslims lived in Palestine. These Muslims included Turks, Arabs, Circassians, Albanians and other Muslim people Turks brought from other parts of their Empire with the aim of completely pushing Arabs out of Palestine.They gave to this aim such a priority that they even put the strictest restrictions on Arab immigration to Palestine.The trick modern Arabs play is very simple. The word "Muslim" is strongly associated in the minds of the people of the West with the word "Arab". So, Arabs say: there were 250,000 Muslims in Palestine in 1880 and only 30,000 Jews. Then this statement is followed by the conclusion: Arabs were a majority in Palestine. Ethnic component is simply and nicely substituted with the religious one, and Turks, Circassians, Albanians become "Arabs, after which Palestine is declared " an Arab land". And people, especially young who, let´s be honest, are not too interested in all this "Palestinian story", do not even bother to think how all of a sudden 250,000 Muslims of the Turkish, Circassian, Albanian, Croatian origin in a wink became "250,000 Arabs". But the truth is that the number of Arab Muslims in Palestine in those years did not exceed 10,000 people. Other were Muslims- but not Arabs.But only 60 years later, in 1945, there were 1,200,000 ARABS in Palestine according to British statistics. Just imagine the rate of growth: from some 10,000 Arabs in 1880 to ONE MILLION TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND Arabs in just 60 years! Where did they appear from? They immigrated to Palestine from Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Iran. If someone can offer other explanation for this never known in history population growth of 180 times in 60 years- he is welcome.
Hi everyone! I am gladly here to answer your question. The correct answer would be from about 1550 to 1050 BC. The New Kingdom that is, that is how long it lasted. Thanks again and tune in soon!
The fundamental issue between Israel on the one side, and the Muslim nations and so-called Palestinian "refugees" on the other side, is the existence of a sovereign and democratic nation largely populated and controlled by Jews, in the place where Israel is.