The Christians where the Crusaders as they started the Crusades
A General named Saladin led the Muslim Army to retake Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Crusaders.
Generally it was the crusaders invading Muslim territory, but many battles were also prompted by Muslim warriors ambushing the Crusaders
The Crusaders were the Christians. That was the whole point. They were going to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims.
Saladin
Islam
The Christians took Jerusalem from Muslim control.
Its Muslim conquerors.
The Crusaders fought primarily against Muslim forces for control of Jerusalem. Notably, leaders such as Saladin, the first sultan of Egypt and Syria, played a significant role in resisting the Crusaders during the Third Crusade. Various other Muslim leaders and factions also opposed the Crusaders during the series of Crusades that spanned several centuries. The conflict was marked by numerous battles and shifting alliances between Christian and Muslim forces.
The Crusaders' main foes were the Muslim forces in the Holy Land, particularly the Seljuk Turks and later the Mamluks. These Muslim armies were defending their territories against the European Crusader incursions.
Crusaders brought back information from Muslims to Europe Crusaders brought ancient texts from Muslim libraries to Europe Crusaders brought back ancient texts to Europe.
Crusaders brought back information from Muslims to Europe Crusaders brought ancient texts from Muslim libraries to Europe Crusaders brought back ancient texts to Europe.