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Nitration of phenol can be accomplished by using nitric acid at room temp. but the result is a mixture of p-nitrophenol and o-nitrophenol. the isomers can be separated by steam distillation. WHY?
This is because the two isomers have different boiling points and one of which falls under 100 degrees celsius (2-nitrophenol). hence the first to evaporate out is the 2nitrophenol and the rest will be 4nitrophenol. This is because the two isomers have different boiling points and one of which falls under 100 degrees celsius (2-nitrophenol). hence the first to evaporate out is the 2nitrophenol and the rest will be 4nitrophenol.
What is the pKa value of 2-nitrophenol and how does it affect its chemical properties?
The pKa value of 2-nitrophenol is around 7.1. This value indicates that 2-nitrophenol is a weak acid. The lower the pKa value, the stronger the acid. The presence of the nitro group in 2-nitrophenol makes it more acidic compared to phenol. This affects its chemical properties by influencing its reactivity in various chemical reactions, such as protonation and deprotonation processes.
How do you make camphor oil?
Camphor oil is typically made by steam distilling the wood of the camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora). The process involves boiling the wood in water and collecting the steam that contains the volatile compounds of camphor. The steam is then cooled and condensed to extract the camphor oil.
Why is the melting point of 4-bromonitrobenzene much higher than the melting point of 2-bromonitrobenzene?
At first glance one might think that since 2-nitophenol (ortho) is more polar than the para form that it would have the higher melting point, but if you check the related link you will find a discussion of why you must "look at both enthalpy AND entropy trends to do a good job of comparing melting (and boiling) points for related compounds".
Is steam from a boiling pot considered a compound or mixture?
Not really, steam is vaporized water. Water is a compound of Hydrogen and Oxygen.
Nitration of phenol can be accomplished by using nitric acid at room temp. but the result is a mixture of p-nitrophenol and o-nitrophenol. the isomers can be separated by steam distillation. WHY?
This is because the two isomers have different boiling points and one of which falls under 100 degrees celsius (2-nitrophenol). hence the first to evaporate out is the 2nitrophenol and the rest will be 4nitrophenol. This is because the two isomers have different boiling points and one of which falls under 100 degrees celsius (2-nitrophenol). hence the first to evaporate out is the 2nitrophenol and the rest will be 4nitrophenol.
Why 4-nitrophenol more polar than 2-nitrophenol?
4-Nitrophenol is more polar than 2-nitrophenol primarily due to the positioning of the nitro group relative to the hydroxyl group. In 4-nitrophenol, the nitro group is located para to the hydroxyl group, allowing for effective resonance and dipole interactions that enhance polarity. In contrast, in 2-nitrophenol, the nitro group is ortho to the hydroxyl group, where steric hindrance and less effective resonance diminish the overall polarity. As a result, the intermolecular forces in 4-nitrophenol are stronger, contributing to its increased polarity.
What is the pKa value of 2-nitrophenol and how does it affect its chemical properties?
The pKa value of 2-nitrophenol is around 7.1. This value indicates that 2-nitrophenol is a weak acid. The lower the pKa value, the stronger the acid. The presence of the nitro group in 2-nitrophenol makes it more acidic compared to phenol. This affects its chemical properties by influencing its reactivity in various chemical reactions, such as protonation and deprotonation processes.
Why are two isomers produced in the nitration of phenol?
In the nitration of phenol, two isomers are produced due to the presence of two different positions on the benzene ring where the nitro group (-NO2) can attach. These two isomers are ortho-nitrophenol (2-nitrophenol) and para-nitrophenol (4-nitrophenol), formed when the -NO2 group attaches to the ortho and para positions of the phenol ring, respectively.
Is the PlayStation 2 memory cards volatile or non-volatile flash memory?
The PlayStation 2 memory cards have the non-volatile and not the volatile flash memory.
Cause of increase in LP Turbine differential expansion?
1. Low vacuum at high loads 2. High HRH temp 3.High steam flow 4. high gland steam temperature
How many kinds of steam?
There are three kinds of steam 1) saturated steam, 2)super saturated steam 3) wet steam.
What is more polar 4-nitrophenylaceto nitrile or -nitrophenylacetic acid?
4-nitrophenol is more polar than phenol by the inductive effect. NO2 has a dipole that pulls electrons away from the oxygen on hydoxyl group, thus increasing the polarity between H+ and O-. It also makes phenol more acidic, as the phenol hydrogen can come off a lot more easier. On a side note, the position of the nitro group also plays in polarity. When it is placed in the 3-position (meta), the nitro group can now participate in resonance with the benzene ring, whereas position 2+4 (ortho and para, respectively) can't break bonds to participate in resonance. Therefore, the polarity and acidity would increase in this manner: phenol > 4-nitrophenol > 2-nitrophenol > 3-nitrophenol.
How much does team fortress 2 cost in steam?
Team Fortress 2 is Free on Steam
What is the Process of extraction of volatile oils?
1.Hydro-distillation: water distillation/Stam distillation. 2.Enfleurage: Extraction of delicate perfumes. 3.Eculle: mechanical extraction. 4.Solvent extraction: using lipid solvents.
Does arma 2 need steam?
Only if you purchased it through Steam.
How do you install Portal 2 without Steam?
You need steam to install Portal 2 Why not? It's free
