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Why do alcohols have a higher boiling point than the equivalent alkanes?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
The polarity of the molecules determines the forces of attraction between the molecules in the liquid state. Polar molecules are attracted by the opposite charge effect (the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule. Molecules have different degrees of polarity as determined by the functional group present.
Principle: The greater the forces of attraction the higher the boiling point or the greater the polarity the higher the boiling point.
alcohol=because of inter molecular force eg : hydrogen bonding,van der waals dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interaction that have the capabilities. This attraction are stronger as the molecule get longer and have more electron and also the presence of only one oxygen vs. the two in the acid functional group.
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Wiki User
∙ 9y agoAlcohols have a higher boiling point that alkanes derived through their dehydration reaction because of hydrogen bonding. This is a type of bond that occurs intermolecularly and intramolecularly. It is stronger than Van Der Waals forces, but weaker than covalent and ionic bonding.
Wiki User
∙ 14y agoBecause of the presence of oxygen .
alcohol formula is Cn H2n+1 OH , while hydrocarbon are either Cn H2n+2 OR Cn H2n .
judged from their respective physical properties , it is true that alcohol has a higher boiling and melting points than hydrocarbons due to an increase in the size and mass of the molecules .
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoAs the intermolecular forces between alcohol molecules are hydrogen bonds while there are only Van der
Wals
forces between alkanes.
Because hydrogen bonds are much more stronger than Van der
Wals
more energy needed to overcome these forces, which results in higher boiling and melting points for alcohols.
Wiki User
∙ 15y agobecause it forms hydrogen bonds between the molecules so it needs energy to cleavage these bonds
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoThe OH group is polar and undergoes some hydrogen bonding. Energy has to be input to overcome these additional forces and hence the boiling point is higher.
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoAlkanes only contains London forces, but alcohols has a -OH group that creates hydrogen bonds which is responsible for higher BP and MP.
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Does chlorine have a higher boiling point than iodine?
iodine is having higher boiling point
Ethanol c2h5oh and methyl ether ch3och3 have the same molar mass.W hich has a higher boiling point?
ethanol has a higher boiling point- of 78°C :)
What is the boiling point of treacle?
alot higher that water
Which has higher boiling point Urea or Sodium chloride?
urea
Why does heptane have a higher boiling point than methanol?
Heptane has 7 carbon atoms. So it has a greater surface area than methanol. Therefor heptane has a higher boiling point.In general, all else being equal the higher the molecular weight, the higher the boiling point. The molecular weight of methanol is 32, the molecular weight of heptane is 100. So, ignoring everything but that, you'd expect heptane to have a higher boiling point than methanol.A better question might be "why is the boiling point of methanol so much higher than that of ethane, which has a similar molecular weight (30)?" The answer to that is hydrogen bonding.
Which has higher boiling point aldehyde or ketone?
the alkanes are saturated and contains more atoms so therefore contain more electrons this results in stronger dispersion forces the alkenes and unsaturated contain less atoms less electrons weaker dispersion force compared to the alkane
Do alcohol and orange juice have different physical propities?
Most of the common alcohols are colorless liquids at room temperature. Methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol are free-flowing liquids with fruity odours. The boiling points of alcohols are much higher than those of alkanes with similar molecular weights.
Does 2-butanol have a higher boiling point than butanoic acid?
Butanoic acid has a higher boiling than butan-2-ol, indeed almost all carboxylic acids have higher boiling points than their equivalent alcohols as they are able to form dimers with each other through Hydrogen Bonding.
Why is the boiling point of methane much lower than the boiling point of hydrochloric acid?
Because of the hydrogen bonds in HCl and it's polarity. High polarity = high boiling point. All alkanes (methane) are nonpolar and have low boiling points. Alcohols and compounds with hydrogen bonding have higher boiling points because hydrogen bonds are very strong. Ask a chemistry teacher if you need a better explanation.
What is the order according to increasing boiling point of ketones alcohols alkanes and carboxylic acid?
Firstly, remember that a large member of any series is likely to have a higher boiling point than a small member of another series. Given that we assume we are dealing with similar sized molecules, alkanes will have the lowest bp's, as the molecules are non polar so we have only van der Waals forces. Ketones will come next as the carbonyl group is polar so there will also be dipole-dipole interactions. Alcohols and carboxylic acids come next, in that order, as they also have hydrogen bonds.
Does Ether have a higher boiling point than alcochol?
no..ethers are always low in boiling point than alcohol due to alcohols hydrogen bonds
Why alcohol have higher boiling point than alkanes?
this is because of the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the polar molecules. energy is needed to over come the attractive forces resulting in higher boiling point values.
Why is acid anhydride having higher boiling point than alkane?
Molecules with dipoles have higher boiling points because they are able to form strong dipole-dipole interactions with other molecules. Alkanes are nonpolar and only have weak London dispersion forces, thus lower boiling points.
Why do aldehydes and ketones have lower boiling points than their correspending alcohols?
Ketones and aldehydes do not have hydrocarbon atoms which bond to nitrogen or oxygen, individual molecules do not hydrogen bond to each other which makes them have lower boiling points than alcohols.
Do long hydrocarbons have a higher boiling point then short hydrocarbons?
This is true as far as we are talking about alkanes. As the size of an alkane chain increases the boiling point increases because the relatively low van der Waals forces increase with mass. The higher the vdw forces the more energy required to break apart two molecules and thus higher boiling points.
Why does isomerisation turn straight chain alkanes into alkanes with lower boiling temperature?
Isomerisation causes straight chain alkanes to become branched alkanes which prevents the chains from moving to close proximities of each other. This reduces the van der Waal's intermolecular forces between chains so less energy is needed to overcome the forces and thus a lower boiling point.
What is the structural isomer of C8H18 with the lowest boiling point?
In organic chemistry, alkanes such as C8H18 have structural isomers. The more these isomers are branched the lower the boiling point is. The reason for this, is that un-branched alkanes have a higher mass area, they are more likely to have more potential points of attachments for other atoms or molecules which would then raise intramolecular forces thus increasing boiling points. The structural isomer of C8H18 that has the boiling point is systematically known as 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane.
