The reason detergents are more effective than soap for cleaning hard water has to do with their ingredients and their function. Most detergents have cleaning properties that are able to combat hard water and mildew. The function of soap, however, is less complex. The function of water is to make water even wetter than what it is. This does not necessarily mean it contains cleaning properties.
Soaps get precipitated as insoluble calcium and magnesium soaps in hard water but detergents do not. Therefore, soaps but not synthetic detergents can be used to check the hardness of water.
Soaps and detergents act differently in hard water and soft water respectively..over use of detergents causes water pollution wich can be avoided by using soaps...........wich causes much less pollution.
the "soap or detergent" act like solvents which dissolve into the water creating the water to be a cleaning solution (this was on my science test and this is the scientific term)
The advantages of synthetic detergents over soaps are :Synthetic detergents can be used even in case of hard water whereas soaps fail to do so. Unlike soaps, detergents do not form insoluble calcium and magnesium salts in hard water. They give lather in hard water also.Synthetic detergents can be used in the acidic medium while soaps fail to do so because of their hydrolysis to free acids.Synthetic detergents are soluble in water and hence form more lather than soaps.Synthetic detergents have a better cleansing action than soaps.Detergents do not cause irritation to the skin while soaps have this problem.
The advantages of synthetic detergents over soaps are :Synthetic detergents can be used even in case of hard water whereas soaps fail to do so. Unlike soaps, detergents do not form insoluble calcium and magnesium salts in hard water. They give lather in hard water also.Synthetic detergents can be used in the acidic medium while soaps fail to do so because of their hydrolysis to free acids.Synthetic detergents are soluble in water and hence form more lather than soaps.Synthetic detergents have a better cleansing action than soaps.Detergents do not cause irritation to the skin while soaps have this problem.
Chemically Detergents are the salts of long chain sulphonic acids and soaps are the salts of long chain fatty acids, both work in normal water but in hard water only detergent works , so detergents may work as soaps but soaps do not work as detergents.
Soaps are made from natural fats and oils and so are fully biodegradable. Detergents on the other hand are made from synthetic chemicals. These chemicals do not break down in the environment, and so they cause huge amount of pollution in our water ways- killing fish and water plants. This is due to the fact that detergents often contain phospahte salts that excelerate the growth of algae that deplete the oxygen content of the water. Detergents are often preferred over soap as they are more effective at cleaning and have a wider range of uses.
Soap is sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids, and these days is usually used only for cleaning human skin, but in the past was used for many other cleaning purposes. Detergent is a substance used for cleaning, so soap is a type of detergent. Detergents are often surfactants (as is soap), which help to dissolve oils in water, useful in cleaning dirty dishes or greasy skin. Both detergent and soap can be harmful to skin (but are not always), and neither form kill or remove 100% of bacteria.
Examples: acetic acid in vinegar, sodium hydroxide in cleaning agents, drugs, soaps, detergents, cosmetics, etc.
The question should be (I guess)..."Which would have a greater emulsifying power in 'hard' water, soaps or detergents?". The answer to that question is certainly the detergent. (Further, fyi, shampoos are great emulsifiers in hard water compared with the two.)*Please see molecular structures of soaps and detergents to understand how and why detergents emulsify more than soaps.
An advantage of detergent is that is cleans things. If its laundry detergent it helps clean clothes. If its dish detergent it helps clean dishes. A disadvantage of a detergent is that it is not biodegradable. They have a hydrocarbon chain which makes it biodegradable.
soaps are not equaly good as detergents because soaps are good for oils but dissolves in water it doesnt work as well and detergents doent dissolv in watter making the detergent last longer and works better.