Because they only need to transmit to certain parts of the planet. TV relay satellites for example - need to stay in one place to beam the pictures back to earth. If they orbited the earth, the signal would be lost as it crossed the horizon. Another example is the global GPS system. The satellites that provide the information for GPS must remain in one place - otherwise they wouldn't give accurate information to the user.
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geo stationary and polar orbiting
Yes, GPS and GeoStationary satellites are two different things.
Non Geo stationary satellite is that satellite which has different angular velocity from earth and not placed on the height of 36000 Km from the earth. If you use Geo stationary satellite than only 3 satellites are enough to cover whole world. most of satellite are geostationary and they are(most of them) active satellites too.
Geo stationary satellites are man made objects sent up into space that orbit the Earth parallel with and in the plane of the equator. They are sent up into space so that their distance from the Earth and hence their orbital speed matches the speed with which the Earth rotates on its axis. This means that they maintain a constant "stationary" position over a point on the equator of the planet. This is useful for communications and earth observation purposes.
Geo-stationary communication satellites are 35,768 Km far from earth surface at an equatorial latitiude.
The geostationary satellites of India are INSAT (Indian National Satellite System) series. This series includes satellites like INSAT-3A, INSAT-3C, INSAT-4A, INSAT-4B, and GSAT- series satellites. These satellites provide communication, broadcasting, meteorological, and search and rescue services across India.
The vast majority of satellites are in geo-stationary orbits. This means, they travel around the Earth at the same speed that the Earth rotates - making them appear in the same place. One example is the GPS satellite network. Other satellites that actually orbit around the Earth, are at a different altitude - so they would (thoretically) never collide with a stationary one. Those that are orbiting, are placed in such a way, that they also avoid each other.
The different artificial satellites launched are Low Earth Orbiting Satellites for Remote sensing, Medium Earth Orbiting Satellites like GPS , Geo Stationary Orbiting Satellites for Communication and Molnia Satellites again for Communication. These are the different artificial Satellite orbiting the Planet Earth.
The tv satellites orbit called is a geo stationery.
for large geo satellites of year 2000 onwards rough specs are as below 3000 kg 8 - 15 kW power 1,200 kg payload over 33,000 circuits
Geo-stationary