Monotremes were among the earliest mammals to evolve. However, in most of the world, all monotremes went extinct as a result of competition with more advanced placental mammals. Australia and New Guinea, however, have been so isolated that there were nearly no placental mammals (except for bats) until humans introduced them. The lack of competition from placental mammals allowed monotremes to survive in Australia.
The majority of the world's marsupials and monotremes are found on the continent of Australia.
Two things not found in marsupials which are found in monotremes:1. Monotremes lay eggs, although they are mammals.2. Monotremes have a single opening, or cloaca, for passing waste and for the reproductive purposes of both males and females. Marsupials have separate urinary and genital tracts, but the genital tract is separate, but there is still an external remnant of the original cloaca.3. Monotremes have alternative to teeth - the platypus has a grinding plate and the echidna has a long, sticky tongue so does not need teeth.
Pacific
Almost all monotreme fossils have been found in Australia. An exception is the fossil of a platypus-like creature named Monotrematus sudamericanum found in Argentina, within a Patagonian rock formation.
Continental drift is a significant factor in why monotremes and most (not all) marsupials are found in Australia. This has resulted in isolation.
Austrillia
Australia is below Indonesia which is below Asia.
The correct spelling is Australia.
Monotremes are unique types of mammals which lay eggs, rather than giving birth to live young. The only known monotremes are the platypus and the echidna, both of which are found in Australia, while echidnas are also found in New Guinea. They are mammals because, like all mammals, they suckle their young on mothers' milk.
The Australian monotremes are the platypus and the short-beaked echidna. There is just one other species of echidna, the long-beaked echidna, which is found on the island of New Guinea.
The two monotremes are the platypus and the echidna. There is just one species of platypus, and two species of echidna - the long-beaked echidna, found in New Guinea, and the short-beaked echidna, found only in Australia. The platypus is also found only in Australia.
indian ocean