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A transformer does not normally contain a capacitor. However, you might be thinking of a 'd.c. power supply', which consists of a transformer, rectifier, and smoothing circuits. The smoothing circuits will contain capacitors.
A CT allows:heavy currents to be measured using conventional ammeters, andelectrically-isolates the ammeters from high-voltage primary circuits.
A 'current transformer' (CT) is classified as an instrument transformer, which means it is used to provide a small secondary current that is in proportion to its large primary current, for purposes of metering or protection. At the same time, it electrically-isolates the secondary (metering) circuits from the primary circuits (which are often high-voltage circuits) for the purpose of safety.
I believe you meant transformer. If so it is a transformer used in high voltage circuits to reduce the current to a safer measurable value. It can be used as a direct input to a metering or protective relay to covert high currents to a lower value. It is used in AC circuits and typically encircles the conductor(s) it is monitoring, then works by using the expanding/ collapsing field which is the theory of induction used in transformer operation. It is the primary side of a "transformer" which only works when there is current flowing through it.
Not clear what your question is. First of all, circuits are not classified as DC and AC. Circuits are what they are, and you can apply either AC or DC to any circuit. However, considering a circuit that was designed only for use with DC applied. Still your question is unclear. What is transformer action? "Transformer Action" happens in a transformer.
Transformer in Hindi is called "ट्रांसफ़ॉर्मर" (pronounced as "transformer"). It is a device used to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.
No transformers only work with AC.
It uses electromagnetic induction to transfer energy between separate circuits.
They are magnetically coupled--a current in one circuit induces a current in the other one in both a transformer and an induction motor.
Isolation transformers are used to isolate one circuit from another. Highly sensitive circuits may require isolation from high power circuits, for example.
Yes, when using a step down transformer the amperage is affected.