The Greek colonies in Asia Minor had been incorporated within the Persian Empire. They often revolted and were given assistance by their mother-cities in mainland Greece. When Miletus revolted, Athens and Eretria provided military support, and went so far as to burn down the Persian provincial capital of Sardis. A Persian punitive expedition in response to this was defeated at Marathon and in front of Athens in 490 BCE.
Persia then decided that the only way to put a final end to this was to incorporate mainland Greece in its empire, and so establish an ethnic frontier. Many of the northern Greek cities were bribed to come to the Persian side, and Persian king Xerxes invaded southern Greece in 480 BCE.
Darius I of Persia sent a punitive expedition against both Athens and Eritrea for their support of the revolt by the Greek city of Miletus against its rule, in the couse of which they overstepped the mark by burning his provincial capital of Sardis.
Its importance was temporary.
It began with the Greek city-states within the Persian Empire revolting against its rule, and spread to the rest of the Greek cities. It ended with the Persians agreeing to leave the cities alone,
However the Greek cities set about fighting each other, and 60 years later Persia re-absorbed the cities in Asia Minor back into its empire to end the disruption within ots borders.
The Persian Empire included Greek city-states in Asia Minor and the Islands. These cities revolted and were assisted by their mother cities in Mainland Greece from 499 BCE. Persia decided that the only way to solve the Greek problem was to incorporate the mainland cities within its empire under a Persian provincial governor, and so create an ethnic frontier.
It brought half the cities in by bribing their leaders, but had to invade to take over the southern city-states. This invasion in 480-470 BCE failed, and sporadic war continued for another 30 years until the Persians gave up and left the Greek cities to their habitual fighting amongst each other.
The mainland Greek city-states were interfering in and disrupting the Persian Empire. The Persians decided to bring them under its control and appoint a Persian governor to keep them quiet.
Persia wanted to invade Greece because the Greek cities in Asia Minor rebelled against Persian rule.
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Persia!!!!!
By marching their army from Asia Minor around the Aegean Sea, and sailing their ships on the Aegean Sea.
Some of the Greek city-states joined with Persia, the southern cities opposed the Persian attempt to absorb them into the Persian empire.
Xerxes I was king during the Persian invasion of Greece in 480-479 BCE. Darius III was king during Alexander's conquest of Persia 150 years later and, therefore, the last Persian King of the Hellenistic Period.
Artaxerxes I.
Xerxes
Artaxerxes I.
Xerxes I.
Xerxes II.
King Darius I.
Darius I The Great.
The Greek city-states which did not side with Persia.