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There was great bitterness against Carthage because of the many thousands of Roman deaths which had been caused by Hannibal's invasion of Italy. Moreover, the party which wanted the destruction of Carthage was worried about her becoming a great power again and giving Rome trouble again. Despite the harsh peace terms imposed on Carthage by Rome, Carthage prospered. Rome imposed heavy war indemnities to be paid over 50 years to hold back Carthage economically. Ironically, one conditions imposed by Rome, the demilitarisation of the city, helped Carthage. The Carthaginians saved a lot of money by not having to pay for an army. Carthage also had one of the most fertile lands in the Mediterranean. She paid the heavy war indemnities easily and offered to pay the indemnity more quickly, but Rome refused. Her economy was thriving. This was presented as a threat to Rome by the pro-destruction of Carthage party. Their leader, Cato the Elder, ended all his speeches by saying "furthermore Carthage must be destroyed." Not all Romans agreed with destroying Carthage, but the pro-war party won the day.

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