A lot of cattle ranches were in vast open spaces away from big cities like New York. There was a limited transport network so the easiest way to get livestock from A to B was to walk them. They were taken to railheads in places like Kansas for shipments to stockyards in Chicago and farther east. This also insured fresh beef or pork where it was required, i.e the cities.
All cattle that were driven to the stockyards would be sold for a pretty penny, or for a good price, rather, that could be used to pay the cow hands and make further improvements to the ranch. There was high demand for cattle back East because of the low cattle populations and no domestic cattle for beef after the Civil War. The demand was set, so prices were high and ranchers were eager to meet the demand.
Cattle could be sold for more money in the East.
Yes, since the end-point of this drive was the sale of cattle at the end of the trail.
The longhorns were the only cattle available in America to be used for beef and to send East for beef and for a bit of income.
Texas Ranchers sent their longhorns on cattle drives because the demand of the cattle in Texas was low. But high in the north and east. Demand and supply affect the price of nearly everything that was bought and sold - not just the cattle.
Before the arrival of the railways, cattle had to be herded to market, often over a long distance.
Before railroads were built in Texas, cattle had to be herded on cattle drives to the nearest railroad. The first railroads in the United States ran from east to west. After the railroads were built that ran north and south, the Texas cattle ranchers had less distance to cover to reach a railroad for transport.
After the Civil War Texas ranchers drove cattle in herds to Kansas because that is where the big stockyards were at the time. It was also a place for the Texas ranchers to use the railroad for shipping cattle elsewhere.
The big major cattle drives ended around the early 1900s, when the railroads became more and more accessible for ranchers to herd their cattle to. Then came the engine-powered trucks that could be brought directly to the ranches to haul cattle away to the rail station. When that began, then that was officially when the cattle drives ended.
Before railroads were built in Texas, cattle had to be herded on cattle drives to the nearest railroad. The first railroads in the United States ran from east to west. After the railroads were built that ran north and south, the Texas cattle ranchers had less distance to cover to reach a railroad for transport.
the market for cattle in texas was too small
It started in Texas
The herding of cattle from Texas to railroad centers to the north was called a cattle drive. Cattle drives took many months to complete. Some of the cowboys would drive the cattle to Kansas and not want to go back to the ranch after being paid. Then ranchers would have to hire more hands the next cattle drive season.
The wide open grasslands, mild climate, and abundant water sources in Texas favored the growth of the cattle industry. These features provided ideal conditions for cattle grazing and allowed ranchers to raise large herds efficiently. Additionally, the expansive land allowed for the development of large ranches and cattle drives.
Before the Herefords arrived from England, Texas Longhorns and Florida Cracker/Pineywoods were VERY popular in the USA. But, Herefords soon took over once they were imported to America and gained the favour of ranchers as far as meat quality and hardiness was concerned.
Texas ranchers grouped their cattle into herds and marched them across the countryside to get to the railroad to be shipped east or west. This was called a cattle drive and needed about 4 or more people on horseback to control where the cattle went.