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The Union Army of Tennessee, under Gen. Grant, occupied the position of Pittsburg Landing waiting for the Army of Ohio under General Buell to come. Then the two armies would have restart the advance towards Corinth.

The Unionists ignored that the Confederates, under Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston had carried out a concentration of an army some kilometers southward and were advancing to strike by surprise and sweep away them.

The clash took place on April 6,1862.

The battle was fought because Confederate General Sidney A. Johnston saw a chance to concentrate Southern armies at Pittsburg Landing.

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