Why did the Romans invent masculine and feminine language?

Answer 1

The Romans did not "invent" masculine and feminine language. Several other languages which were spoken before or during the same time period as Latin also used masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns/adjective (e.g. Ancient Greek, which predates Latin). Besides all that, languages are rarely, if ever, "invented"; they develop organically from the way they are spoken. In other words, the Romans never sat down and consciously decided to use gendered nouns/adjectives; it just sort of happened (probably because Indo-European, an ancestor language of Latin, Greek, and many other languages, likely used gendered nouns/adjectives as well).