The most notable laborsaving invention was the printing press, developed around 1450. One such press replaced hand-copying by hundreds of scribes.
In Europe, technological, cultural, and social developments had forced a dramatic transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing military tactics and the role of cavalry and artillery.
china
Because of the potatoes in Europe :)
a shift from farming to industry
The rebirth of trade in the late middle ages began in Europe, following endemic warfare, social unrest, and depopulation.
I am afraid not to understand the question. Do you mean Europe as a political entity (European Union) or Europe as a continent ?
They helped them
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1) An expansion of manufacturing. 2) An increase in the importance of towns and cities. 3) A decline of the feudal way of life.
anything that was not like unitary, communism, oligarchy. they encourage democracy, republic.
Capitalism and Mercanttilism took place in Europe after the age of exploration.
passing a series of neutrality acts