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The presence of Peter in Rome, not explicitly affirmed in but consistent with the New Testament, is explicitly affirmed by Clement of Rome, Ignatius of Antioch, Irenaeus of Lyon and other early Christian writers, and no other city has ever claimed to be the place of his death. The same witnesses imply that Peter was the virtual founder of the Church of Rome, though not its founder in the sense of initiating a Christian community there. They also speak of Peter as the one who initiated its episcopal succession, but speak of Linus as the first "bishop", while it is commonly held today that the Christians in Rome did not act as a single united community under a single leader until some time in the 2nd century.

The Eastern Church had been separated by distance from Rome for centuries with little oversite from the Western Church. Diuring this time they strayed from the original teachings and structure of the Church and developed their own culture and traditions. They were not about to acknowledge the Bishop of Rome as the leader and take a chance they would lose their own identity.

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In the view of successive eastern patriarchs, the pope had no legitimate claim to be head of the Christian Church.

Certainly, the Catholic Church claimed the apostle Peter as the first pope, but there is no mention in The Bible that Peter ever went to Rome and the consensus of scholars is that there was no bishop appointed or elected in Rome during the first century. A second-century Catholic tradition has Peter go to Rome and even has him executed there, creating a tradition of succession from Peter to the Catholic popes. In the absence of this tradition, the Orthodox patriarchs could have a better claim to being the true successors to Peter.


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Q: Why did the eastern patriarch reject the pope's claim to be the head of the church?
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