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Gold was discovered in Australia as early as the 1830s, but discoveries were kept secret, for fear of sparking off unrest among the convicts. There was the fear that convicts would be more likely to try and escape if the lure of gold was present. Also, the gold discoveries were usually made by farmers who did not want to subject their sheep and cattle runs to a sudden influx of prospectors and lawlessness that would inevitably follow. Having thousands of people tramping over their land would have rendered good, arable land useless for both grazing stock and cultivation of crops.

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