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Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use. Although most DNA is packaged in chromosomes within the nucleus, mitochondria also have a small amount of their own DNA. This genetic material is known as mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA
To provide some autonomy for its function the mitochondria have their own DNA. One cell theory states that some bacteria invaded the cell and established a symbiotic relationship. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are such microbes establishing permanent symbiotic relationship with the plant cell.
What else can I help you with?
When was Mitochondrial DNA - journal - created?
Mitochondrial DNA - journal - was created in 1980.
Is mitochondrial DNA linear or circular in structure?
Mitochondrial DNA is circular in structure.
Who shares your mitochondrial DNA?
Mitochondrial DNA comes from the mother, so the mother's maternal line and all her children share the same mitochondrial DNA.
Does mitochondrial DNA contain introns?
Yes, mitochondrial DNA does not contain introns. Mitochondrial DNA is a circular molecule that lacks introns, which are non-coding regions found in nuclear DNA.
Where do you get your mitochondrial DNA from?
In most organisms, including humans, the mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother.
What does mitochondrial DNA code for?
Mitochondrial DNA codes for certain proteins that are essential for the function of the mitochondria, the cell's powerhouse. It also contains genes involved in energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial DNA is separate from the nuclear DNA and is passed down maternally.
Which is larger Human mitochondrial DNA or yeast mitochondrial DNA?
Yeast's is (~78kb), while human's is about 17kb
How does the inheritance of mitochondrial DNA different found in the nucleus of cells?
Mitochondrial DNA is only inherited from the mother, while nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents. Mitochondrial DNA is circular and does not undergo recombination, whereas nuclear DNA is linear and can recombine during meiosis. Mitochondrial DNA codes for a small number of genes related to energy production, while nuclear DNA contains genes that determine various traits and characteristics.
How does mitochondrial DNA differ from nuclear DNA in terms of structure and function?
Mitochondrial DNA is smaller and circular in structure, while nuclear DNA is larger and linear. Mitochondrial DNA is only inherited from the mother, while nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents. Mitochondrial DNA is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP, while nuclear DNA contains the majority of an organism's genetic information.
Mitochondrial DNA is replicated independently from nuclear DNA?
Yes
The discovery of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) had no effect on which area of scientific investigation?
The discovery of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) did not have a significant impact on the field of nuclear DNA research, as they are separate and distinct areas of investigation. Mitochondrial DNA is mainly used for studying maternal ancestry and evolutionary relationships within populations.
Who discovered mitochondrial DNAprofiling?
Mitochondrial DNA profiling was developed by Dr. Alec Jeffreys in the 1980s. He is also known for pioneering DNA fingerprinting techniques.
