Because the electrons push each other and compress the protons
The positive charges in a atom, concentrated in its nucleus, can more strongly attract electrons from the outside environment because the positive charges are closer to the outside environment in smaller atoms and their attraction is less "screened" by electrons already in the atom, as smaller neutral atoms have smaller number of such electrons than larger neutral atoms. However, note that this principle applies most effectively only down periodic table columns, and other factors such as electron configuration can outweigh the effect of size. For example, hydrogen is smaller than fluorine but has lower electron affinity.
No, atoms are made up of much smaller particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons.
No. Atoms have the same number of protons and electrons. When atoms gain or lose electrons they are called ions.
False, all atoms have the same no of electrons and protons. Negative ions have more electrons. Positive ions have fewer electrons.
yes
The positive charges in a atom, concentrated in its nucleus, can more strongly attract electrons from the outside environment because the positive charges are closer to the outside environment in smaller atoms and their attraction is less "screened" by electrons already in the atom, as smaller neutral atoms have smaller number of such electrons than larger neutral atoms. However, note that this principle applies most effectively only down periodic table columns, and other factors such as electron configuration can outweigh the effect of size. For example, hydrogen is smaller than fluorine but has lower electron affinity.
No, atoms are made up of much smaller particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons.
possible
A cation has had electrons removed. So, although cations and their parent atoms have the same number of protons in the nucleus they have a different number (lower) of electrons. This means the same number of protons pulls the smaller number of electrons closer to the nucleus and so the remaining electrons are more tightly bound by the nucleus and hence the reduction in size.
No. Atoms have the same number of protons and electrons. When atoms gain or lose electrons they are called ions.
Covalent bonding occurs when atoms share two or more electrons. Electrons are shared in pairs.
borin has more valence electrons than kernel electrons
They change because the atomic number and mass differ from each other element. Going across the Periodic Table to the right, the atoms get smaller because another proton is added each time so the effective nuclear charge experienced by the electrons is greater and the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus. Electronegativity increases as you progress across a period because smaller atoms are usually more likely to gain an electron. Ionization energy increases across a period because the atoms are smaller, pulled closer to the nucleus, so it takes more energy to break an electron away.
False, all atoms have the same no of electrons and protons. Negative ions have more electrons. Positive ions have fewer electrons.
yes
Atoms gain lose or share valence electrons in a way that makes the atoms more stable
Atoms do not actually have desires as such, although the metaphor can be useful. Atoms are more stable when they have a full outer electron shell. The smaller atoms, hydrogen, helium, lithium, and beryllium, can obtain a full outer shell with only two electrons in it. The heavier atoms require 8 electrons to have a full outer shell. That is known as the octet rule (an octet is a set of eight).