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It's not the fact that lighter colours reflect the heat as much as it is the fact that they reflect the light.

Light colours mean that more of the light is reflected off them (otherwise we would have no differing colours - it would all be black), while darker clothing absorbs the light. When the light is absorbed, the laws of thermodynamics state that the energy has to go somewhere. It turns into heat.

If you were standing in a completely dark room with a set temperature, it would not matter what colour your clothes were, as there would be no light that could turn into heat.

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Q: Why do lighter colours reflect the heat instead of absorbing the heat?
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