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Surfaces appear to have the color of the light leaving them in the direction of the eye. Since the composition of this light may depend on the orientation of the surface and lighting conditions, the perceived color of an object also depends on these factors. However, some generalizations can be drawn.
Light arriving at an opaque surface is either reflected "specularly" (that is, in the manner of a mirror), or scattered (that is, reflected with diffuse scattering), or absorbed - or some combination of these.
Opaque objects that do not reflect specularly (which tend to have rough surfaces) have their color determined by which wavelengths of light they scatter more and which they scatter less (with the light that is not scattered being absorbed). If objects scatter all wavelengths, they appear white. If they absorb all wavelengths, they appear black.
Opaque objects that specularly reflect light of different wavelengths with different efficiencies look like mirrors tinted with colors determined by those differences. Objects that reflect light of all wavelengths equally well (like standard mirrors) perhaps cannot be said to have any color. (But this is philosophically disputable. Since red or green mirrors exist, for example, why should we deny that standard mirrors are white?) An object that reflects some fraction of impinging light and absorbs the rest may look black but also be faintly reflective (examples are black objects coated with layers of enamel or lacquer).
Objects that transmit light are either translucent (scattering the transmitted light) or transparent (not scattering the transmitted light). If they also absorb (or reflect) light of varying wavelengths differentially, they appear tinted with a color determined by the nature of that absorption (or that reflectance).
Objects may emit light that they generate themselves, rather than merely reflecting or transmitting light. They may do so because of their elevated temperature (they are then said to be incandescent), as a result of certain chemical reactions (a phenomenon called chemoluminescence), or for other reasons (see Phosphor, and List of light sources).
Objects may absorb light and then as a consequence emit light that has different properties. They are then called fluorescent (if light is emitted only while light is absorbed) or phosphorescent (if light is emitted even after light ceases to be absorbed; this term is also sometimes loosely applied to light emitted due to chemical reactions).
To summarise, the color of an object is a complex result of its surface properties, its transmission properties, and its emission properties, all of which factors contribute to the mix of wavelengths in the light leaving the surface of the object. The perceived color is then further conditioned by the nature of the ambient illumination, and by the permanent and transitory characteristics of the perceiving eye and brain.
Another reason is that red objects absorb all the colors and reflects only red color.
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