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Why do scientists use the same enzyme to remove the insulin and cut the plasmid open?
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How does a human insulin genes become part of a plasmid?
1. Scientists remove plasmids, small rings of DNA, from bacterial cells. 2. An enzyme cuts open the plasmid DNA. The same enzyme removes the human insulin gene from its chromosome. 3. The human insulin gene attaches the open ends of the plasmid to form a closed ring. 4. Some bacterial cells take up the plasmids that have the insulin gene. 5. When cells reproduce, the news cells will contain copies of the engineered plasmid. The foreign gene directs the cell to produce human insulin.
What is the source of most plasmids used in genetic engineering?
plasmids are circular chains of DNA found in bacteria. genetic engineers remove the plasmids out of the bacteria and use enzyme to cut them where they want it cut. after they manipulate the plasmid, they reinsert into the bacteria to observe the changes that were made.The bacteria is usually the source of most of the plasmids that are used in genetic engineering.
How do scientists remove fossil from rocks?
by diging it out
Advantages of gene splicing?
Gene splicing is the process of taking fragments from DNA . One benefit of gene splicing could be to alter the health of an ill person by using the splicing technique to manipulate the unhealthy genes.
When does a cell make sure DNA has been copied correctly before continuing in the cell cycle?
DNA is copied (or replicated) by an enzyme called DNA polymerase. This enzyme generally operates in the 3' to 5' direction. However, this enzyme also has a 5' to 3' exonuclease activity, which enables it to remove certain wrong bases and insert correct ones. This ensure that the DNA is copied correctly
How does a human insulin genes become part of a plasmid?
1. Scientists remove plasmids, small rings of DNA, from bacterial cells. 2. An enzyme cuts open the plasmid DNA. The same enzyme removes the human insulin gene from its chromosome. 3. The human insulin gene attaches the open ends of the plasmid to form a closed ring. 4. Some bacterial cells take up the plasmids that have the insulin gene. 5. When cells reproduce, the news cells will contain copies of the engineered plasmid. The foreign gene directs the cell to produce human insulin.
When was Human Insulin produced by mircobes?
In 1983 scientists worked out a way of producing human insulin on a large scale using genetically modified bacteria. They did this by first working out which human chromosome was responsible for producing insulin. They then isolated that chromosome using a restricting enzyme. They would then remove the plasmid from the bacterium, cut out a small piece of the plasmid using enzymes and then replace the gap made with the human insulin gene. The genetically engineered plasmid is the inserted into a new bacterium and this bacterium is allowed to grow and multiply. Each of the new bacteria would contain the human insulin gene and as the bacteria continued to multiply they would be producing insulin which could then be used to treat diabetes. In this way we could produce large amounts of insulin that was suitable for vegetarian use and causes very few allergic reactions quickly and cost effectively.
What produces insulin to remove glucose from the blood?
Beta cells of the pancreas.
What is the source of most plasmids used in genetic engineering?
plasmids are circular chains of DNA found in bacteria. genetic engineers remove the plasmids out of the bacteria and use enzyme to cut them where they want it cut. after they manipulate the plasmid, they reinsert into the bacteria to observe the changes that were made.The bacteria is usually the source of most of the plasmids that are used in genetic engineering.
How do scientists remove fossil from rocks?
by diging it out
How do you convert humulin 50-50 to 70-30 insulin?
In order to do that you would have to be able to remove the saline that was already mixed in with the insulin which is impossible on an unprofessional level. You need to either get 100% insulin or buy it premixed 70 30.
Does Insulin stimulate glucose transport into liver cells?
No, wrong distractor.Insulin is produced in the islet cells (Islets of Langerhans) in the pancreas.The hepatic cells in the liver produce bile, an alkaline digestive fluid, and also the clotting factors of blood. They also break down insulin, along with fats (producing cholesterol) and ammonia, and remove damaged red blood cells.
Is diabetes a disease where the individuals do not make enough hormone insulin?
Diabetes is the inability of the body to remove sugar from the blood stream and convert it to a substance that can be stored in cells. The accumulation of sugar is what starts causing all the problems of diabetes. The conversion of sugar is done with the help of insulin which is created in part of the pancreas. People who don't generate sufficient insulin will have an accumulation of sugar in the blood. They have to reduce or eliminate the intake of sugar or they can obtain and inject insulin into their body to accomplish the job. Another version of diabetes is a result of insulin resistance. The body does generate insulin but the body is unable to use it to convert the sugar in the blood. No amount of insulin injection can help with this.
Can regular insulin and nph be mixed together?
Yes, regular insulin and NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) insulin can be mixed in the same syringe. This combination is commonly referred to as "mixed insulin" and is used for certain insulin therapy regimens. Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin, while NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin. It's important to follow proper mixing techniques to ensure the effectiveness of the insulin and to avoid contamination. Here are general steps for mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe: Wash your hands: Clean your hands thoroughly with soap and water. Gather supplies: Collect the vials of regular insulin and NPH insulin, a syringe, and alcohol swabs. Roll the NPH insulin vial: Gently roll the NPH insulin vial between your palms to ensure uniform suspension. Clean the rubber stoppers: Wipe the rubber stoppers of both insulin vials with alcohol swabs. Draw up air into the syringe: Draw air into the syringe equal to the dose of NPH insulin needed. Inject air into the NPH insulin vial: Insert the needle into the NPH insulin vial and inject the air. Draw up NPH insulin: Invert the vial and withdraw the correct dose of NPH insulin. Inject air into the regular insulin vial: Insert the needle into the regular insulin vial and inject the air. Draw up regular insulin: Invert the vial and withdraw the correct dose of regular insulin. Check for air bubbles: Hold the syringe upright and tap it to dislodge any air bubbles. Push the plunger slightly to remove any air. Verify the dose: Double-check that you have the correct total dose in the syringe. Administer the injection: Administer the injection as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the insulin manufacturer. If you are unsure about the proper technique for mixing insulin or have any concerns, consult with your healthcare team for guidance.
Why is it important for scientists to be able to remove DNA from and organism?
It's important for scientists to be able to remove DNA from an organism because it'll help scientists identify genetic disorders or diseases.
How is glucose found in urine?
Normally your body will hold on to most things that it can use and will remove those that it doesn't. If you are not making enough insulin, glucose will be found in the urine. Insulin is needed to carry the glucose molecule into the cell and if it isn't doing this, the glucose will "spill over" into the urine. Testing will give the doctor an idea if you are making insulin and perhaps you might need to take it.
How is commercial insulin prepared?
Standard insulin is an extract taken from the pancreases of cattle from slaughterhouses. However not all diabetics respond well to animal insulin. Genetic engineering has provided a way to manufacture actual human insulin for diabetics that can't use animal insulin. The human insulin gene (edited to remove the introns, which bacteria can't process correctly) is inserted into the chromosome of a bacterium and the bacteria are allowed to grow. Once they have a pure culture of the modified bacteria they are grown in large fermentation tanks. The bacteria produce and secrete the human insulin into the liquid in the tank and as this liquid is circulated to replenish the food for the growing bacteria the insulin is extracted. Some additional processing is needed to perform some steps that the bacteria can't do, the end result is true human insulin.
