Tail rotors are to correct the effect of engine torque and help steer the helicopter
All helicopters have a tail rotor to stabilise them.
That is to stabilise the inherent spin of the main rotor and to steer the machine.
An enclosed tail rotor is safer and resistant to fouling.
when the main blade rotates it creates torque and if that torque is not countered by the rear rotor the helicopter will spin out and crash. the helicopters that do not have a rear rotor have another rotor that is the same size moving in the opposite direction
By tilting the main rotor and changing the speed of the tail propeller.
Most helicopters have a tail boom and tail rotor. This tail rotor is present to counteract the torque produced by a helicopters main rotor. If there was no tail rotor, the helicopter would tend to rotate in a direction opposite to that which the main rotor blade spins which would make flying difficult or even impossible. The Chinook doesn't have a tail rotor, instead it has twin main rotors. If they both span in the same direction then this would act to cause the helicopter to twist. However as they rotate in opposite directions the two twisting forces cancel each other out. This has other advantages as it means that the full power of the engines goes towards generating lift and thrust as opposed to driving the vertical stabilising rotor on other helicopters.
some are, but like 99% are propelled by propellors on the top Actually all helicopters use a main rotor and a tail rotor for lift and stability. Most late model helicopters utilize a jet engine and transmission power train. Not unlike a torbo prop arrangement.
Because the main rotor is on top and the tail propeller stabilises the spin.
All helicopters have registration letters just like any aircraft.
The tail rotor is moving "perpendicular" to the main rotor, not "opposite". The tail rotor creates thrust opposite to the thrust of the main rotor, to keep the fuselage from spinning. Most helicopters spin the main rotor counter-clockwise looking from above, which puts a clockwise rotation on the fuselage. You need a tail rotor pushing the tail counter-clockwise to keep the fuselage pointed in the direction the pilot chooses.
No, that is impossible. You see, helicopters must have that tail rotor in order to keep steady. Without one, it would spin out of control in the opposite direction that the main rotor is going. The tail rotor provides a counter form of propulsion that keeps the fuselage (body) of the copter from spinning out of control. The pilot also controls the speed and angle of the tail rotor, so as to turn the helicopter by speeding up or slowing it down. As for Chinooks, those big military helicopters with two main rotors, each rotor spins in the opposite direction to stop from entering a tailspin.
Virtually all modern helicopters have a tail rotor which pulls against the torque that comes from the main rotor. This tail rotor also provides additional directional control assistance to the rudder. Most tail rotors turn at a 3:1 or 6:1 ratio to the main rotor. Meaning, for every revolution of the main rotor, the tail rotor makes 3 revolutions. You can read more about tail rotors here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_rotor http://www.cybercom.net/~copters/mech/tail_rotors.html